In Vilnius the XIV Congress of the Conference of European Constitutional Courts, which by the acceptance of Monaco was enlarged to the total number of 40, ended on 5 June 2008. The judges of the constitutional courts and other courts exercising constitutional review, with the participation of the European Court of Human Rights, the Court of Justice of the European Communities, and special guests from South America, Asia, and Africa, discussed the problems of unconstitutional gaps in the law. With the active role of Slovene participants (Vice-President Dr. Ciril Ribičič, Judge Jan Zobec, and Head of the Court’s International Department Dr. Arne Mavčič) it was found out that one can no longer be hampered by old and surpassed theories. Among such Kelsen’s theory of constitutional court as a (merely) negative legislature was most frequently mentioned. This theory is a very important tradition without which the today’s role of European constitutional courts cannot be imagined, however, it cannot be a sufficient basis and framework for resolving actual problems dealt by the constitutional courts today. At the congress a special attention was dedicated to the practice of the Slovene Constitutional Court related to the issues of the manner of enforcing of and respect for the Constitutional Court decisions. The next congress will be organized in three years in Bucharest, however, with the support of the Venice Commission and the Council of Europe the first congress of the constitutional courts from the entire world, to be held in January 2009 in South Africa, is being prepared.